For some, vulnerability management is seen as a simple software patch and check-the-box compliance effort. If you have legacy systems, you may have all but tossed it to the side. But in 2025, with the increasing connectivity of assets, successful organizations will prioritize vulnerability management, seeing it as akin to knowing where your kids are at 10 pm.
With the purpose of improving efficiency, reducing manpower and human error, industrial control systems (ICS), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and other operational technology (OT) systems and networks are more connected than ever. In addition, COVID accelerated the need to have the ability for these systems to work remotely, often adding third-party driven solutions to the mix. These smart technologies have increased the asset’s complexity and provided the ability for end users to perform more functions with available data. As a result, systems and networks maintain functionality, reliability and resiliency, but vulnerabilities are growing exponentially as new technology is implemented and legacy equipment remains.
This is why vulnerability management is more than software patching. It’s knowing how your OT assets are connected and configured and the threat vectors that could affect them. Without it, you’re exposing your operations to risks like loss of functionality, damage to your system, and destruction to the environment.
Even though OT systems are getting smarter, they’re facing more security challenges. But in what ways?
Many OT assets rely on older systems that lack modern security features and may no longer receive vendor patches. This approach was acceptable before new technology and connectivity started to be introduced around the legacy systems. These legacy systems are vulnerable to exploitation due to outdated software and hardware.
Example: Windows XP-based SCADA systems still in use without security updates being connected to external networks through the internet, making them susceptible to known vulnerabilities.
Beyond software patches, you can take steps to prioritize vulnerability management, including it as part of your overall program to harden your OT systems and networks.
Identify vulnerabilities by creating an asset inventory that includes hardware, software and component lists.
Use a scoring system like Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) to evaluate and rank vulnerabilities in a standardized and repeatable way.
Even better, perform an in-depth risk assessment to identify the vulnerabilities specific to your environment (your country, region, industry), so you can prioritize and spend your resources wisely.
To patch and mitigate vulnerabilities, have a vulnerability management plan in place with defined roles and responsibilities. Be sure to include supply chain. And leverage OT cybersecurity agencies (like CISA, DHS, ICS-CERT, ACSC, NCSC, CCCS, ENISA) and information sharing and analysis centers (ISACs) to raise your alertness level.
An effective vulnerability management plan is crucial for safeguarding critical infrastructure and ensuring the continuity of essential services. By proactively identifying and addressing vulnerabilities, your organization can prevent and minimize cyberattacks that could disrupt operations and compromise safety. Implementing robust security measures, continuous monitoring and timely patching not only protects your OT systems but also enhances the overall resilience of your operations against evolving threats. Black and Veatch offers comprehensive solutions to discover the vulnerabilities that matter most to your operations and reduce your cyber exposure. Learn more about Black and Veatch’s industrial cybersecurity solutions here.
